Chemical Synthesis

Preparation of nitric acid from potassium nitrate and sul-phuric acid

Preparation of p-toluenesulfonic acid

Aldehydes - reactions with ammonia

Ester saponification

Production of soup seasoning

Reaction of aldehydes with ammonia

Principle

Aldehydes are not only easily oxidised, they are also capable of addition reactions.  In this way, the addition of dried gaseous ammonia to an ethereal solution of acetaldehyde forms 1-amino-ethanol, which precipitates out of the solution as a solid.

Synthesis of ethyl acetate and butyl acetate

Principle

Carboxylic acids and alcohols can react with esters under suitable conditions. Water forms as a by-product and, under the properly selected reaction conditions, it can be continuously separated by means of a distilling trap (Dean-Stark apparatus). The progress o ...