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Principle
Electron shells of metal atoms in the gas phase can be elevated to an excited state by light. If light is passed through the metal vapour, various lines will be absent from its spectrum afterwards. These lines correspond to the energy levels of those electrons in th ...
A Mach-Zehnder-interferometer is illuminated with a laser beam. Circular interference fringes appear on the screens behind the interferometer. If polarization filters with opposite polarization planes are placed in the two interferometer paths the int ...
The distribution of intensity in the Fraunhofer diffraction pattern of a slit is measured. The results are evaluated both from the wave pattern view point, by comparison with Kirchhoff's diffraction formula, and from the quantum mechanics standpoint to confirm Heise ...
The intensity distribution in the Fraunhofer diffraction pattern of a slit is measured. Measurement results are evaluated both in the wave representation through comparison with Kirchhoff's diffraction fromula and in the photon representation, in orde ...
Charged oil droplets subjected to an electric field and to gravity between the plates of a capacitor are accelerated by application of a voltage. The elementary charge is determined from the velocities in the direction of gravity and in the opposite direction.
Electrons are accelerated in an electric field and enter a magnetic field at right angles to the direction of motion. The specific charge of the electron is determined from the accelerating voltage, the magnetic field strength and the radius of the electron orbit.
Electrons are accelerated in a tube filled with mercury vapour. The excitation energy of mercury is determined from the distance between the equidistant minima of the electron current in a variable opposing electric field.
Tasks
Electrons are accelerated in a tube filled with neon vapour. The excitation energy of neon is determined from the distance between the equidistant minima of the electron current in a variable opposing electric field.
A photocell is illuminated with monochromatic light of different wavelengths from a filament lamp with interference filters. The maximum energy of the ejected electrons in the photo-cell depends only on the frequency of the incident light, and is ...
The photoelectric effect is one key experiment in the development of modern physics. White light from a filament lamp is filtered by a grating spectrometer and illuminates a photocell. The maximum energy of the ejected electrons depends only on the frequency of the ...
The well-known spectral lines of He are used for calibrating the diffraction spectrometer. The wave-lengths of the spectral lines of Na, Hg, Cd and Zn are determined using the spectrometer.
The spectral lines of hydrogen and mercury are examined by means of a diffraction grating. The known spectral lines of Hg are used to determine the grating constant. The wave lengths of the visible lines of the Balmer series of H are measured.
The spectral lines of He and Hg are examined by means of a diffraction grating. The wavelengths of the lines are determined from the geometrical arrangement and the diffraction grating constants.
The "Zeeman effect" is the splitting upof the spectral lines of atoms within amagnetic field. The simplest is thesplitting up of one spectral line intothree components called the "normal Zeeman effect". In this experiment thenormal Zeeman effect as we ...
The "Zeeman effect" is the splitting up of the spectral lines of atoms within a magnetic field. The simplest is the splitting up of one spectral line into three components called the "normal Zeeman effect". In this experiment the normal Zeeman effect ...
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