Faraday's laws

Principle

Passing an electric current through a solution can cause chemical reactions. Here the current is the driving force of the redox reactions that occur.
If ions are added to water to make it conductive and that water is then electrolysed, hydrogen collects at the cathode and oxygen collects at the anode.  If these two gases are collected separately, such as with a Hofmann voltameter, the reaction can be followed quantitatively, making it possible to derive two laws ascribed to Faraday.
Faraday's first law states that the mass of a material separated by electrolysis is proportional to the quantity of electricity which flowed through the solution.
The second law states that the electrochemical equivalents are proportional to their equivalent masses (molar mass divided by valency).
The experimental setup depicted here can be used to clearly derive the two laws experimentally.

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